The intended technology measures are: energy efficient renovation of public buildings with building integrated renewable energy generation, energy efficient renovation of residential buildings with building integrated renewable energy generation or/and green energy purchase option for the inhabitants, energy efficient transformation of the industrial and service sector, off-site renewable energy generation with PV power plants, sustainable urban mobility and smart energy projects (intelligent traffic control system, intelligent public lighting system, smart grids).
There are 64 public buildinges owned by the 10 municipalities of the consortium which need window and door replacement as well as facade / ceiling / roof / attic / basement insulation. Solar cells are suggested to install on 58 municipal buildings of the 10 municipality. Energy renovation of residential buildings is necessary to reduce energy consumption by replacing boilers to more effective condensing boiler, even with smart meters and by insulation. The solution for local energy production can be the biomass with the energy use of local bio- and green wastes. The territory of fishponds of Alsómocsolád can be suitable for the installation of solar cells. The procurement of electric public buses and the replacement of micro area- and village caretaker services buses to electric ones to serve all 10 municipalities of the consortium are recommended. It must be examined how industrial residual heat can be reused - used for example domestic purposes.
The goal of the project is to spread innovative solar distribution systems for outdated panel houses’ condominiums in residential condominium buildings. Concretely, there is an intention to launch an umbrella project for four cities in Borsod - Abaúj - Zemplén County. The concept of the project contains the setting up local “Energy Agencies” in each city involved. It will provide a grant to approximately 16 000 local flats arranged into condominiums to implement PV panel and solar energy distribution systems. This will provide the residents with the possibility to diminish their energy cost with an appropriate return while decreasing CO2 emissions and the carbon dependency of the settlements.
These local energy agencies will operate grants to condominiums /flat cooperatives for their investment into solar distribution systems with legal, technical and financial counselling included.
The planned Positive Energy District will include the following elements, to be examined and prepared in the frame of the investment concept:
1. Solar panels will be installed on buildings’ flat roofs and S-SW facing pitched roofs, over tennis courts, the bus station and the parking lots of major commercial units.
2. Heating and cooling systems of buildings (except for those supplied by district heating) will be renewed primarily through applying heat pumps and ground-source heat pumps, as well as smart heating solutions for 1,050 residential flats, using sensors and smart meters.
Power generated by the solar panels will mainly be utilised by the buildings themselves, while excess power will be taken up by e-vehicles through 2 charging stations installed and by Decathlon’s electric car fleet. The investment plot will be part of the to-be-set-up e-bike sharing system, 3 charging stations and three smart solar benches will be installed.
Planned measures for this project consist of, in 1st place, the mapping of the existing public building stock with regard to energy flows, RES capacities and the opportunities to accommodate decentralized energy storage. This will be followed by developing a technically sound investment concept, that is acceptable by the local municipalities and is in line with the other policies at regional and national levels.
This investment concept will be then developed into a concept that can be submitted to the ELENA facility for further funding. The application to be developed will include three main pillars: (i) incorporation of already existing RES capacities into a common EMS via retrofit of SCADA controllers; (ii) installation of new RES capacities; (iii) installation of decentralized battery storage providing for self-consumption and selling electricity on the market; (iv) local electric transportation.
The intended measures include a two-circles 350 MW geothermal power plant with a heat exchanger and a power generating steam turbine, 13 production and 9 re-injection thermal wells. The 4.7-kilometer-long district heating line will be renewed. Expanding the district heating system, aims to supply several public and residential buildings.
The investment concept targets four investment objectives, including 10 investment components (ICO), which are a complex renewable energy investment program (renewable energy production of 102,8 GWh/year) based on geothermal energy and district heating. Targeted sectors include Public buildings, Building integrated renewables, Residential buildings, District heating and Innovative energy infrastructure.
The aim is to stablish a large-scale geothermal district heating system. The investment concept includes assessment of geological and technological (in particular drilling) risks and their mitigation solutions in order to establish a realistic default rate. The targeted sector is that of District Heating.
One-third of Szombathely's apartments are provided with heat energy and hot water by the municipal district heating company. The goal is to have the district heating's carbon emission decreased to half. For this, they will increase the efficiency of the district heating line system, combine the independent district divisions and increase to 50% the renewables from 9%.
In the case of public buildings, they will develop energy monitoring smart grid systems and make the city's public building energy deep renovation complete. The aim is that public buildings generate for themselves 20-50% of their energy demand with the locally available renewables, and with the installation of solar panels and heat pumps.
In the case of transport, the plan is to increase the ratio of bicycles, exchange the city's bus fleet for electrical and establish the necessary storage and solar power plant for the capacity needed for charging.
The overall goal is the electrification of the local public transport. They aim toward the replacement of diesel buses with 140 e-buses and the reconstruction of a central site and repair station, which will include the installation of a solar park and electric charging infrastructure for 140 e-buses. Before the project, they will prepare the feasibility study based on EU templates. This document will contain a situation analysis, forward analysis, strategic and operative objectives, detailed scenarios, planned activities and (public) procurements, and a project schedule. The feasibility study will be prepared by an external expert. Then, there will be a cost-benefit analysis (CBA): This document will be prepared based on EU templates just like the feasibility study. Taking into account that the CBA template contains very special financial details and information, the document will be prepared by an external financial expert. One of the most important documents is the decarbonisation plan, which will be prepared within the project because it contains the bus fleet replacement's expected impacts, the replacement schedule and also the expected impacts and results of CO2 emissions reduction
It is necessary to prepare a development strategy and plan, based on which the district heating supply in Szekszárd can be improved. The aim is to promote the long-term competitiveness of district heating services, the economical operation of existing systems, environmental protection and energy management. All the heat sources in the district heating system in Szekszárd are currently based on natural gas, so it is necessary to reduce the dependence on fossil fuels and promote renewable energy supply to increase carbon neutrality.
For that reason a study design-level research on three basic developments required: the geothermal-based heat source, woodchip biomass boiler plant and the installation of several solar parks. The geothermal power plant and the biomass boiler plant could be connected to the Southern Heating Plant. The solar plant may be built from 2 to 6 solar parks with a capacity of less than 500 kVA.
One of the intended technology measures is to develop renewable energy production from solar systems installed on the roofs of urban buildings and other areas. They also plan to develop and implement a complex electromobility infrastructure, which will use the produced renewable energy. There will also be a bus fleet with battery-powered buses and the installation of an electrical charging network. They wish to expand the photovoltaic production capacity with new installations, create hybrid energy management units with a management system and upgrade the district heating system with a geothermal power plant development by installing an electric boiler involved in tertiary control. The overall long-term plan of the city is to prepare an ELENA application and therefore, the Investment Concept is the first step and the basis of the planned ELENA project.
The intended technology measures to be financed to cover a complex range of investments. The modernisation of multi-storey residential buildings in Óbuda and Újpest housing estates covers renovation (thermal insulation, replacement of windows and doors), and provision of geothermal energy for heating and solar panels on the roofs and facades providing electricity.
With 30 residential buildings in Óbuda, 59 residential and 39 public buildings in Újpest, savings amount to a total of 75 GWh/year. In Szentendre, four investments are planned: the creation of a solar park and three measures for the modernisation of the district’s heating system, contributing to a further 2.5 GWh yearly saving. Three further innovative energy infrastructures (a 1 GWh/year capacity per solar park) are planned to be built by Budapest Waterworks and Sewerage Works to provide the energy for its plant. Moreover, further investment possibilities, such as the use of water energy for producing electricity, will be assessed.
A prerequisite for achieving the district's energy targets is the renewal of the apartment house building stock, of which 90% were built before 1945 and are privately owned. The energy performance of these buildings heated almost exclusively with natural gas is very poor. Spearheading this change, the Municipality intends to renovate 31 buildings. The planned measures include thermal insulation, replacing windows and doors, installing solar panels on roofs and upgrading the grid (smart grid). Innovative solutions for thermal insulation in inner-city apartment buildings are needed to protect the cityscape.
In addition, Erzsébetváros aims to include around 300 privately owned buildings in the longer term. As part of the financing strategy of the investment concept, a revolving building renovation fund model will be developed. That fund could accelerate the renewal of properties and allow owners to finance the costs from their energy efficiency savings.
Our investment concept focuses on three major areas in two districts: 1) energy efficiency of buildings 2) sustainable transport 3) renewable energy production. The largest energy savings are expected to come from energy efficiency renovation of municipality-owned institutions, apartment buildings, and selected multi-apartment buildings. The planned investments will include the replacement of windows, roof insulation and heating system upgrades, as well as facade insulation where possible. Measures will also include lighting upgrades in municipal buildings and a household appliance replacement program for citizens. In addition to municipal properties, we also want to involve condominiums and certain companies in renewable energy production by installing solar panels and setting up energy communities. In the field of transport, the main priority is to replace municipal vehicles with electric ones and to continue the traffic calming and cyclist-friendly improvements already underway.
The Investemetn Concept will focus on:
- Energy efficiency improvements to buildings: installation of thermal insulation, replacement of louvres, modernisation of building services equipment
- Developing renewable energy sources: installing solar panels where possible
- Creating an energy efficiency improvement document for residential buildings to facilitate the planning of energy improvements and the efficient use of resources.
The investment concept will foresee energy saving measures and RE generation measures with ambitious goals in CO2 reduction (3222 tCO2 eq / year) as follows:
- Insulating the exterior walls, ceilings and basements
- Replacing windows and doors
- Replacing gas convectors with gas boilers
- Installation of solar panels on roofs
- Replacing pipelines of the district heating system.
In the implementation phase of the concept, a local energy community will be prepared supported by a SMART monitoring and management system. The energy community is to ensure that the surplus of the generated solar energy will be consumed locally. This way the concept aims to decrease the dependence on the network of the electricity supplier in longer term. The interventions worked out during development phase of the concept will be bundled to apply either for non-recoverable EU grants (especially for the public buildings) or alternative financing instruments such as ELENA facility, ESCO financing or green loans.
The concept will explore four investment modules and their combinations, following the trias energetica model. First, functional repurposing, and envelope refurbishment using green constructions will target demand reduction both in transportation and building energy. This includes creating dwelling offices, shared work- and leisure spaces, envelope measures and green roofs. Second, smart micro grid, neighbourhood virtual storage and digital twinning will be explored to improve energy efficiency. Specifically, this means laying a 5th generation district heating/cooling network for distribution, and neighbourhood-scale BMS for coordinating control. Third, bio solar roofs and heat pumps will be designed to meet the remaining demand. Finally, a local energy community will be facilitated to ensure sustainable building use and the involvement of vulnerable inhabitants, amongst others.
General energy goals that the city aims to achieve with the development of the Investment Concept are:
1. Support for the modernization of energy produced by private and public owners, economic actors through special programs technical and financial support by government programs.
2. Preparation of the procurement of low CO2 urban electric vehicle fleet.
3. Local regulation to support the proposed goals and develop new ones.
4. Local energy production from renewable energy sources.
5. Creating an effective system for observation and regular monitoring of results.
6. Realization of an investment concept for application for loans to specialized banks for instruments applicable to energy efficiency, government funds, structural funds.
The expected total energy savings resulting from the energy efficient refurbishment (i.e. adding thermal insulation and modern control and measurement) of the 7808 dwellings supplied by district heating (DH) is 29 GWh/yr. The replacement of undersized heat exchangers and thus reducing temperature level from 127/70 °C to 117/65 °C in the DH network will add 4 GWh/yr to the savings. For the extension of renewable energy utilisation, a new RDF fired hot water boiler is planned. This can feed 15 GWh/yr heat in the DH system using the fuel produced by the local waste sorting plant, resulting reduction in imported fossil fuel demand and GHG emission. It yields further saving of 0.2 GWh/yr by avoiding the road transport of the RDF. Using geothermal heat for heating the sewage sludge at the wastewater treatment plant will produce 12.7 GWh/yr green energy. This subproject allows the feeding in the heat currently used on site the DH network reducing the natural gas-based heat production.
The city will analyse various investment possibilities to produce renewable energy, such as installing photovoltaic panels. The targeted buildings are mostly public buildings owned by the Municipality (city hall, schools, kindergartens, cultural centres, theatre, other institutions, sports facilities, etc.). However, some investments address prefabricated houses, the district heating of 5000 apartments, street lighting network. The primary investment option is improving some buildings' insulation and lighting systems and upgrading their heating (and cooling) systems, mainly using heat pumps. The replacement of outdated radiators and the renovation of heating pipes and heat exchangers are also planned. Solar panels are envisaged on the roofs of public buildings (flat roofs and pitched roofs facing SE-SW). In addition, expanding an existing biogas plant and using Danube's kinetic hydroelectricity through floating turbines would significantly contribute to producing renewable energy.