Beneficiaries: 15
Arcos de Valdevez
Firstly, the project is about collecting aerial image data for calculation of biomass potential, considering factors such as susceptible areas, vegetation species, fauna and history of forest fires. The idea is to obtain spectral data of the municipality biome and process RGB (Red, Green, and Blue colour composites) images to calculate the vegetation index. Then, they will make a sampling network in various parts of the municipality, and thus complement with concrete results the measurement of biomass through laboratory analysis. With the combination of aerial image data and laboratory analyses, a map will be created to easily assess the most appropriate locations to make the collection of biomass, as well as a database with all the values measured. They will carry out a viability study for the implementation of a biomass central and its energy efficiency, considering the quantities estimated to be available as fuel in the municipality and other close biomass providers.
Braga
In Braga, the following measures would be financed:
Bragança and other municipalities of the Terra Fria (Grouping)
The intended measures of this investment concept are the deployment of a wind farm in combination with a smart grid for its management and heat pump installation for heating and cooling. These measures shall be applied to the five municipalities of Terra Fria. The Wind Farm shall have an installed capacity of 57MW that will produce renewable energy for powering with the heating pumps and generating heat and cooling for buildings, and for powering the municipalities' electricity grids withlocal green energy. There will also be its use for injecting power into the grid.
The heat pumps allow not only increase efficiency in the heating and cooling systems but also replace old wood, heating oil and gas combustion and plug-in electric heaters in buildings that have very low efficiency. In addition, the heat pumps can replace fans and other non-efficient cooling methods during warmer seasons.
Cascais
The intended measures focus on installing 184 MW of photovoltaic solar energy, representing a total generation of 213 GWh per year, or 24% of the total electricity consumption within the municipality. With a decentralized energy production and consumption based on self-sufficiency (when possible), the development of innovative smart grids is also considered.
Guarda
The intended measures on this investment concept to be financed are the creation of a district heating network for the five municipalities in the application. This district heating shall be powered by a combined heat and power (CHP) plant.
The combined heat and power shall be a 50 MW plant that will have a co-generation ratio for electricity of 5:1 and can also self-sustain the electricity needed for the plant. Also, such a system shall be powered by the existent biomass and bio-waste from the region. Such a system will allow not only to increase efficiency in the heating systems, but also to replace old wood combustion at households that have very low efficiency.
Furthermore, such a district heating system, has the capacity, later on, to be adapted for a district heating and cooling system. This can be important for a preliminary evaluation and to understand if it would be feasible to have this improvement in the future.
Guimarães
Guimarães aims to create a solid investment project to build an interconnected and energy-efficient city, focusing on community-based renewable energy, electric mobility and energy poverty. As such, the following technical measures will be financed:
Maia
Within its SEAP 2030 and Living Lab vision, Maia identified several key measures related to public and residential buildings, solar power, renewable energy communities and more. In terms of public buildings renovation, the central theme is Energy efficiency in public buildings and facilities (143 buildings), such as lighting and HVAC systems renovation. For residential buildings, the focus is on social housing renovation: energy efficiency in buildings that will reduce energy poverty (2 447 dwellings), with measures such as thermal insulation of facades and roofs and solar panels for domestic hot water production. They also plan the implementation of an additional 470 kWp of self-consumption PV system in municipal buildings. They also aim the creation of renewable energy communities in 45 social housing districts (2 MW). They wish to install a remote management system in the city (24 476 LED) to improve street lighting. As to district heating: residual thermal energy recovery in the Waste Management plant is planned to support neighbourhood heating needs (airport and industrial facilities).
Oeiras
There is a case study for schools in the Oeiras municipality that is intended to be replicated in other public facilities and industry and business parks, which includes measures that will bring significant energy savings and emission reductions. The measures include the replacement of wall and roof insulation and windows. They plan to install systems that monitor consumption levels. They will substitute the interior and exterior lighting. They will also replace all-electric radiators with direct expansion split-type units and install a new solar rooftop PV for self-consumption.
Ovar
The Energy Community of Ovar (ECO) will serve as the territory's framework for widespread investment in energy efficiency and renewable energy solutions aiming to reach municipal carbon neutrality in 2030. Collective procurement measures will be done for energy efficiency and building renovation actions. They plan the installation of 20 MW of solar PV, 10 electric chargers, e-bikes and related systems, and 5000 m2 of solar hot water panels. There will be energy management within the community, with particular emphasis on electricity, allowing citizens to sell potential electricity production surplus to other members of the community and fostering the provision of flexibility by building users. Lastly, they plan to enable community members to convert credits obtained from the sale of energy surpluses into goods and services provided within the community (e.g. local grocery shops or markets, public transportation), which will promote local businesses.
Porto
Porto, within its vision for climate neutrality and under SECAP 2030 identified the following key measures (non-exhaustive):
São João da Madeira (Grouping)
The investment concept will focus on three main areas: Public Lighting, Renewable Energies and Energy Poverty.
The objective of the first is to substitute inefficient lighting with LED and incorporate a smart management system. For this to be possible, the municipalities will need to obtain the grid management, a possibility foreseen in the future legislation to be released. Having this in mind, a Smart-City approach will then be possible to develop along with electrical vehicle charging systems supported in the public lighting grid, along with other strategies for financing purposes (publicity, city internet, etc.).
The second investment area will focus on renewable energy communities supported by photovoltaic systems. This is being implemented in municipal or private buildings. The third and last investment area will focus on the needs of a specific population to tackle energy poverty, focusing on building envelop improvement and PV integration.
Sintra
Based on audits and smart metering of municipal buildings, a model will be created for the characterization and integrated optimization of energy uses. This model will produce several fundable intervention proposals, whose individual implementation contributes to the global objective of carbon neutrality and energy self-sufficiency in each intervention building.
Different interventions will be considered, to be defined according to the characteristics of each building and open to any opportunities for funding that are available, such as energy efficiency and renewable production using different energy sources (solar, biomass, hydrogen, others), with possible creation of energy communities;
The project will leverage interventions that simultaneously promote a more circular economy, either through the reuse and/or use of water, or through the use of biomass resulting from forest management in the municipality (if applicable), water efficiency and/ or reuse, for example.
Torres Vedras Municipality
Different technologies will be involved all along with the three Structural Projects: 1. Renewable Energy Communities, 2. Energy Management in Municipal Building and 3. Green Public Road Transports, such as the following (non-exhaustive):
Vila Nova de Famalicão
Famalicão has a long history of energy cooperatives, dating back to 1930. Capitalizing on the City’s history, and in line with the Paris Agreement, Famalicão developed a roadmap for carbon neutrality before 2030, creating a baseline for the promotion of equal access to sustainable energy, as well as for the creation of community-based renewable energy production and a sound electrical mobility network.
Through the creation of a Municipal Energy Efficiency Fund (which would aggregate the current program “Casa Feliz” for disadvantaged households), the city aims to invest in the installation of energy-efficient equipment in 10 000 households, which would represent a total of 23 GWh/y in energy savings. In addition, the project aims to install 120 MW of photovoltaic solar energy, representing a total generation of 193 GWh/year and a reduction of 53733 tCO2eq/y in CO2 emissions. Finally, the project will invest in an expanded electrical mobility network, promoting intermodality in the city.
Vila Nova de Gaia
The investment project will be focused on two main topics: electrical mobility and renewable energy production through a community-based approach. As such, the following technical measures will be financed:
1. Implementation of Urban Renewable Energy Communities and the installation of 130 MW of photovoltaic solar energy, representing a total generation of 209 GWh per year. This will strengthen the transition to fully renewable-based energy production in the city.
2. Investing in electric mobility innovative solution in the Municipality, by creating intermodal spaces with 1000 charging stations across several key locations and ideally powered by the energy communities
These measures aim to reduce 68 172 t CO2 emissions.
With community-based energy production, the development of innovative smart grids is also considered in the project. As such, it is imperative to assess the conversion models for future energy distribution and power needs, including the foresight for electric mobility.
Beneficiaries: 12
Alcorcón
REC-A will become the springboard to propel the energy transition across the municipality. Through PV and ESS assets installed in public, residential and industrial building, the project will increase the share of renewables consumed and the energy efficiency of the municipality. PV and ESS assets will be installed in public, residential and industrial buildings. In public buildings, energy efficiency measures will be put in place (i.e. envelope retrofitting, replacement of HVAC assets), adding also a layer of intelligence (i.e. sensors, actuators, BMS, etc.). Likewise, energy efficiency measures and PV retrofitting in the industry will take place, after removing asbestos presence on rooftops. Besides, a community battery will be installed to provide flexibility and enable the community to participate in the Spanish ancillary services market. Actions on urban mobility will be also deployed: EV charging points, new EV/HEV float, etc. Also, logistic centres will be created to facilitate charging infrastructure towards 100% electric “last mile” delivery.
Concello de As Pontes de García Rodríguez
This investment concept will be about renewable electricity generation, using solar photovoltaic, low wind and small hydro technologies. All energy resources are available within the municipality. For photovoltaic energy, the roofs of municipal buildings, industrial buildings and residential buildings are used. The other measures are as follows:
Consell Comarcal Osona (public entity)
The project aims to reduce 40% of GHG emissions (baseline year 2019) through these measures.
Consell Comarcal del Moianès (Grouping)
The purpose of the project is to transform the way citizens access energy, encouraging the production of renewable energy, electric mobility and efficient consumption. It seeks to develop an investment concept for different energy efficiency actions. For example, Smart Energy Communities will be created with photovoltaic installations (in municipal and private facilities) for collective self-consumption. The plan is to analyse the possibility of sustainable mobility (strategic charging points, change of municipal and private fleet), and district heating with 100% renewable models. They also wish to look into a technical analysis of wind and biomass capacity in the region, among other measures to be considered.
Lleida
In Lleida, the investment concept will delve into the refurbishment of the most inefficient neighbourhoods’ areas. Measures that would be foreseen are the following:
Implementation of low-cost energy-saving measures in neighbourhood communities (LED, remote energy management, programmers…)
Logroño, La Rioja
The concept will finance PV installations on suitable public parking areas and municipal and residential rooftops within the city. The aim is to consume as much generated solar power as possible at a local level for 1) cooling and heating in residential communities and municipal buildings and 2) powering (public and private) electric vehicles. This significantly extended solar power generation enables the implementation of a smart grid management system together with demand-side response measures. This investment guarantees adequate management of demand and supply and the maximization of local clean electricity consumption.
Charging of electric vehicles will be incorporated with incentives (e.g. free charging during peak sunshine hours), contributing to the stability of the grid. The transformation of the mobility sector and a shift towards consuming clean electricity will come after supporting the purchase of electric vehicles for both citizens and the city.
Malaga
Development and implementation of photovoltaic solar parks on municipal land, which use the Power Purchase Agreement model for virtual self-consumption. The targeted sector is Building integrated renewables.
Montilla
The following measures are foreseen to set up a local energy community (LEC) in the municipality to develop a set of actions to improve energy efficiency and reduce local energy demand. They foresee the installation of solar PV integrated with public and private buildings to reduce their demand and share with others. Also, they will install solar PV in the municipal grid (or closest grids) to benefit the overall municipal RES production, reducing local energy demand, improving grid efficiency and supporting the smart city concept. These two PV installation measures are the basis for the Local Energy Community, including social and environmental benefits. There is also the aim to renovate 10,000 m2 of public buildings to reduce their energy demand, an average of 50% energy savings reached and increase the Electric Vehicles fleet by 75 more vehicles in the municipality. They also plan to install 1,000 LED luminaries in streetlighting with sensors, aimed at reducing on average 60% of the electric demand.
Olot (Girona)
Measures involve substantial building renovation to achieve significant energy efficiency (EE) improvements with a user centred approach sensitive to user motivations (which tend to focus more on health and wellbeing than on EE). Targeted sectors include Building integrated renewables and Residential buildings.
Pamplona
Under the Energy Transition and Climate Change Strategy (ETEyCC2030), Pamplona will replicate successful models for RES integration in buildings to build Positive Energy Districts (PEDs) triggered by local energy communities based on energy efficiency, local renewable energy generation embedded in Smart Districts, energy flexibility and sustainable mobility.
Solar energy communities and biomass district heating will be the main sources for electricity and heating in PEDs. Internal mobility will be reduced and EV infrastructure will be implemented based on PV generation. PEDs are included in the 2030 Urban Agenda, which includes the ETEyCC2030, ensuring energy aspects are integrated into urban planning.
One-stop-shops will be set up in the PEDs after the experience of the EFIDistrict project to ensure the involvement of citizens, business and public sector for the uptake of innovative mixed financial schemes, being the Municipality the driver and multiplier of local energy investments.
Rivas Vaciamadrid
Rivas GEC is the tool to move on towards the positive district concept. The project aims to increase the share of renewables consumed, as well as impact the overall town energy efficiency. PV generation and energy storage assets will be installed in public, residential and industrial buildings. In public buildings, energy efficiency measures will be put in place (i.e. envelope retrofitting, replacement of HVAC assets), adding also a layer of intelligence (i.e. sensors, actuators, BMS, etc.). Likewise, a community battery will be installed to provide flexibility and enable the community to participate in the Spanish ancillary services market. Actions on urban mobility will be also deployed: EV charging points will be installed, new fleet of EV/HEV buses, etc. Together with an aggregation management platform to handle the assets and optimise the community performance, a retailer in the form of a cooperative will be promoted by the municipality to act as a market agent on behalf of the Rivas GEC.
Rubí
The energy rehabilitation of residential buildings (detached and semi-detached houses, and apartment buildings) will comprise the improvement of the building skin insulation (Exterior Insulation and Finish System (EIFS), cellulose injection, double-glazed windows, thermally broken window frames, etc.).
The project will also look to increase the efficiency of the energy production systems (such as high-efficiency heat pumps) and the implementation of renewable energy systems (photovoltaic installations for individual or shared use). Furthermore, photovoltaic installations will be built on all municipal building roofs, when technically possible, to provide renewable energy for the municipality's consumption and share the energy surplus with residencies which lack enough surface to fulfil their demand for renewable energy.
Beneficiaires: 13
Berceto
The Investment Concept in Berceto will include the creation of two mixed public/private Renewable Energy Communities (RECs), which will be open to the whole territory. They will purchase machinery and equipment for forest maintenance. In addition, they will design, install and operate three biomass gasification plants of around 100 kW each. The electricity produced will be consumed by all of the associated parties, whilst the thermal energy will be used to power an artisanal area. There will be the assessment and feasibility studies for other RES sources (mini-hydro in old mills). They foresee the redevelopment of the public lighting network (876 lighting points) and the replacement of LPG boilers with Heat Pumps in residential buildings (678).
Borgo San Dalmazzo (Grouping)
The measures that will be considered are completely aligned with the EIB energy lending policy and contribute to achieving the 2030 EU target. There are plans for integrated renewable power plants (PV or hydroelectric) on public/private buildings or aqueduct networks connected with recharging networks for e-vehicles (EV) within Renewable Energy Communities (RECs). They will also develop storage, bidirectional EV chargers, and the replacement of bus and municipality vehicles with new EV or hydrogen vehicles (HV). There will be a new sustainable goods transport for urban city centre as EV or sloping elevator (mainly in Cuneo), new EV or HV for goods transport from production site to intermodal centres. Finally, there is a plan to create green hydrogen production systems and refuelling stations for HV. All these measures will be included in new mobility services to be defined within the IC and co-designed with local companies. The services will concern, for example, shared and sustainable mobility for employees and tourists and goods to and from the mountain valleys and historical centres.
Carmignano di Brenta
Some technological measures of this project are:
Castel San Pietro Terme
The project foresees to realise investment and manage the sustainable mobility of the APEA industrial district including Metrobus service for the companies, integrated ticket to use different mobility services, Smart Bus stations, creation of bicycle paths, electric charging stations, bike sharing and car sharing services, car-pooling platform etc.
Comune di Assisi
The city will set up two One-Stop Shops (OSS) for Energy and the technical cell of the municipality will set up two One-Stop Shops (OSS) for Energy and Environment to support citizens and companies for the improvement of building energy efficiency, PV installation, the fuel switching from diesel and liquid gas to natural gas, and the use of renewable sources. Particular attention will be paid to the use of technical solutions which do not undermine the protection of the historic value of the city. These OSS will have the task of organising the annual meeting to communicate the progress of the SECAP (Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plans) and the target reached.
Isola Vicentina
The technology measures include energy web-GIS upgrade, structuring of a digital abacus, streamlining of the bureaucracy and online support service, business model of the “standard neighbourhood”, new online system to grant and gain tax credits under the supervision of the Local Authority and creation of a standard contract to introduce ESCOs in the local market.
Milan Municipality
Technology measures have been estimated based on a real case, the Natural History Museum (200 years old; 77.000 m3), scaled up to its museum district and then to all four cultural districts in Milan (approx. 880.000 m3), concerning public buildings.The measures that will be performed are, in the first place, the thermal insulation of the building shell: new windows (same style) and the insulation of the roof and a portion of walls (internal insulation – external being unauthorized).
There are also plans to instal photovoltaic panels on the roof. There will be a retrofit of the HVAC system, in terms of existing fossil fuel (e.g. diesel) heating system that will be with reversible electric water heat pumps. Ventilation units will be retrofitted as well, possibly with heat recovery, including radiators. A new interior lighting system will be installed with LED – BEMS, with automatic control and modulation of lighting and HVAC systems (based on occupancy as well as hygrometric levels to be observed due to existing natural materials within the museum).
Pinerolo
The technology measures are related to energy efficiency improvement to the building envelope and building system including insulation systems for external walls, roof and ceiling, new windows, new heat generator, gas-fired small boilers, smart meters, building automation. Integrated renewable power plants (PV) on public buildings and connected with storages and smart grid, LED technologies, replacement of public buses with new electric or hydrogen vehicles, electric recharging grid and new bicycle lanes will be also considered.
Ravenna (Alfonsine)
The investment concept will set up a moderate & deep retrofitting strategy of buildings reducing up to 60% primary energy by applying an EPC scheme through renewables integrated in buildings, district heating, innovative energy infrastructures in residential and public buildings.
Reggio Emilia
The development of renewable energies is essential to reduce CO2 emissions. The introduction of technologies based on the coupling of Solid Oxide Electrolysis/Solid Oxide Fuel Cells in the biogas sector allows using excess electricity from renewable sources (solar, wind) and convert CO2 and H2O wasted from biogas into syngas (CO / H2). The syngas is easy to store and convert into additional electrical energy (SOFC) when requested.
The investment concept aims to optimise the waste resource generated from eight existing biogas plants that use biomass waste feedstock from the local area to produce additional electrical energy by installing eight SOEC/SOFC modules and eight photovoltaic modules. The added modules optimise and expand the production of electricity. The investment includes technologies eligible according to the New EIB 2019 energy lending policy, focusing on the topic: Production and storage of gaseous, liquid and solid energy carriers from low-carbon energy sources.
Unione della Romagna Faentina (URF) (Public entity)
The project foresees the implementation of actions in six cities of the URF to promote a deep retrofit in 56 public buildings and 20 private condominiums, and the installation of renewable generation systems based on collective energy schemes, considering Renewable Energy Communities (REC) and Collective Self-Consumption (CSC) legal forms.
The project will include feasibility studies to support the implementation of deep energy retrofits and those that support the installation of photovoltaic panels, battery storage with EV charging sockets and smart devices. These devices can monitor the energy production and consumption in real-time and allow a smooth renewable energy installation, based on collective energy schemes (REC and CSC) There will also be a business model development to perform the retrofit interventions and system deployment and accompanying communication activities. The technology measures launched with technical assistance are designed according to the new European Investment Bank (EIB) energy lending policy.
Unione dei Comuni Valli del Reno, Lavino e Samoggia (Public entity)
Firstly, renewable energy sources will be integrated into buildings. Based on the regulatory framework, a maximum of 200 kWp PV (with related storage and energy boxes and energy management) will be installed in each city, grouping 3 condos and 1 public building each, for a total of 15 residential buildings and 5 public buildings. They also plan to develop five Energy Parks with 1MWp of PV in each city. In terms of energy efficiency of residential and public buildings, they will perform retrofitting interventions such as thermal insulation, windows replacement, heating system/HVAC revamping and internal lighting substitution on the aforementioned 20 buildings (15 residential buildings and 5 public buildings).
Finally, as concerns sustainable urban mobility, they will install 2 e-shelters charging stations across five parking lots (one in each municipality), 10 overall, fed by 5 PV plants of 40 kW plus storage each, for EV charging.
Valbelluna Community (Grouping)
Given the broad approach of the IC, several RES technologies and EE measures will be considered at different scales and in different sectors, depending on the needs brought by the users to the existing one-stop shop. Regarding renewables, the priority solutions will be photovoltaic, solar thermal and biomass boilers. As for energy efficiency, building integrated renovation measures (window frames, insulations, plant renovation and revamping) will be included.
Despite this wide approach, some segments will be most likely addressed, namely the residential and the tertiary private sectors, also because of their relevance in the SEAPs and their higher potential for reducing energy consumption and CO2 emissions. This prioritization is also reflected in the way the size of investment and the expected impacts were calculated since higher shares were assigned to these two sectors.
Beneficiaires: 4
Edessa
The investment project will promote energy efficiency and RES with the most cost-effective projects. Firstly, 95 public buildings (40 offices and 55 schools), 100 private offices and 1,000 buildings in the residential sector constructed before 2000 will be renovated. The combination of the interventions will include the insulation of the building envelope (external walls, roof and windows with double glazes), the installation of heat pumps, the installation of energy-efficient lighting systems and the production of electricity from photovoltaics. Secondly, 7 MW of RES stations will be installed (5 MW photovoltaic, 1 MW biomass and 1 MW small hydro stations) through the energy community. The energy for waste-water treatment and irrigation will be reduced, e-mobility will be promoted (520 vehicles) and in 1000 households energy poverty will be combated.
Municipality of Thermi
The investment project aims at promoting cost-effective technologies, fostering the major renovation of the buildings and promoting sustainable mobility. Firstly, 48 public buildings (20 offices and 28 schools), 150 private offices and 2,000 buildings of the residential sector constructed before 2000 will be renovated. The combination of the interventions includes the insulation of the building envelope (external walls, roof and windows with double glazes), the installation of heat pumps for the coverage of heating and cooling demand, the installation of energy-efficient lighting systems and the production of renewable energy from photovoltaics for self-consumption.
Moreover, electric chargers (50 units) will be installed fostering the deployment of electric vehicles (20 light and 20 heavy-duty municipal vehicles and 1,000 passenger vehicles). The planned investments will ensure the cost-benefit achievement of the climate targets.
Vrilissia (Grouping)
The proposed system consists of a hydrogen production unit combined with a PV (800 kW) unit (local and virtual net metering). The hydrogen (consumed directly or stored in a pressurized tank) will be produced by an electrolyser fed solely by PV electricity. The system will be connected with one H₂ refuelling station, equipped with Fuel Cells and a Hydrogen (FCH) storage system to provide stability in supply. Four such systems will be deployed (one in each municipality).
The produced H₂ in the refuelling stations will be fed into the new FCH municipal fleet (sweepers, bikes, mini-buses, rubbish trucks, etc.), as well as the private vehicles with FCH technology. The new FCH municipal vehicles will cover both the authority's and the citizens' mobility and transportation needs. The private FCH vehicles are also a market segment targeted by the stations for refuelling services. One FCH train is also expected to be deployed by Agioi Anargyroi-Kamatero municipality, for intra-municipal mobility needs.
Xylokastro-Evrostini
The investment concept focuses on the energy upgrade of buildings and public lighting, the installation of building-scale renewables as well as the electrification of the municipal fleet.
The following interventions will be considered. In buildings, there will be thermal insulation of the envelope of the buildings (walls, roof, windows) and the energy upgrade of HVAC systems and lighting systems. Overall, there will be the installation of building-integrated renewables to meet the remaining energy demand with non-fossil fuel energy. They also plan the electrification of the municipal fleet; an upgrade of public lighting from conventional lamps to LEDs and the development of local "Green" Recycle Corners in each district across the entire municipal geographical boundaries.
Beneficiaries: 1
Pano Platres (grouping)
The project for the Communities in Troodos includes the following measures, all aligned with the EIB energy lending policy. There will be a plan to unlock the potential of Energy Efficiency for public buildings including community centres, universities, schools, elderly care centres and sports centres.
There are plans to decarbonise Energy Supply using solar PV and/or micro hydro, green hydrogen production and storage. The council wishes to support innovative technologies and new types of energy infrastructure (solar integrated with electric vehicle charging, micro hydro with electric charging, battery storage/demand response, decentralised energy distribution). Lastly, there are plans to secure the enabling infrastructure through distributed energy, integration with renewables and the decarbonisation of heat in public buildings.
Beneficiaries:1
Isla (Cottonera)
The investment concept will focus on the on-site energy generation through the use of building integrated photovoltaic systems (BIVP) on the roofs of selected warehouses to replace asbestos roofs, as well as BIPV with a low architectural impact for the building envelope for buildings in the three localities.